Influencing factors
Motivation and commitment
References
Influencing factors
Partner/family involvement
“The candidate’s family and friends should be encouraged to become involved in all aspects of pre- and post-implant management. This should be done only with the permission of the candidate and at the discretion of the CI team.” (Távora-Vieira 2020)
Influencing factors
Duration of auditory deprivation
1. “Figure 2 shows postoperative CNC word score as a regression on duration of deafness. When we took both age groups together, there was a general decrease in word score with increasing duration of deafness.” (Leung et al 2005)
2. ”DoD [duration of deafness] is one of the most important factors to predict speech perception after cochlear implantation in postlingually deaf patients. The meta-analyses revealed a negative correlation between length of auditory deprivation and postoperative sentence and monosyllabic speech perception. Longer DoD seems to lead to worse CI performance, whereas more experience with CI mitigates the effect.“ (Bernhard et al. 2021)
3. “Based on the present findings, it can be concluded that the underlying etiology and the duration of deafness are important predictors for speech outcome in SSD patients.”
More: Sanchez-Cuadrado 2013
Influencing factors
Hours of usage
“Several authors have posited that hours of auditory input or CI use per day have a significant effect on socialization and other psychosocial outcomes [26, 33].” (Marx et al. 2020)
More: Giroud et al 2017
Influencing factors
Rehab
“Rehabilitation of hearing communication through cochlear implantation in elderly patients results in improvements in speech perception and cognitive abilities and positively influences their social activity and quality of life.” (Mosnier et al. 2015)
Influencing factors
Presence of cognitive comorbidities
1. “However, if the elderly suffer from comorbidities, an influence on postoperative speech comprehension can be suspected, especially if multimorbidities or neurological comorbidities are present.” (Illg et al. 2022)
2. “Der Erfolg einer Cochlea-Implantat (CI)-Versorgung kann durch veränderte kognitive Fähigkeiten beeinträchtigt sein.“ (Illg et al. 2018)
Influencing factors
Structure and hearing preservation
Influencing factors
Early intervention
“In our study, the improvement was slightly greater for patients who underwent CI before 70 years of age than in those implanted later in life, but the difference was not significant. Interestingly, a significant negative correlation existed between age and the speech perception of disyllables without lipreading and with masking. This finding indicates that the older the patient´s age at CI, the worse the speech perception in noise.” (Sanchez-Cuadrado et al. 2013)
Influencing factors
Early awareness
“Individuals may choose to ignore HL as it may represent a stigma associated with getting old. Additionally, HL is considered a normal part of aging and, therefore, not worth reporting. These reasons highlight the importance, and urgency, to uncover and confirm the most promising methods and techniques that support healthy aging, especially by addressing currently available treatments that may modify debilitating effects such as HL.” (Marx et al. 2020)
Influencing factors
Early assessment
Influencing factors
Electrode length
1. “Seven studies found no significant correlation between insertion depth and speech perception outcomes (9,22,31,37,41,42,44).
Fifteen studies reported a positive effect or significant positive correlation between insertion depth and speech perception (11,13,29,30,32–36,38–40,43,45,46) (Table 2).” (Breitsprecher et al. 2023)
2. “Longer electrode insertions (and greater insertion angles) appear to offer better speech perception performance in the early postactivation period when using the same implant system.” (Buchman et al. 2014)
Influencing factors
Pre-op benefit with hearing aids
Influencing factors
Pre-op hearing
Influencing factors
Presence of medical comorbidities
“Comorbidities without cognitive or neurological involvement (e.g., heart insufficiency and limited motor skills) also lead to less speech comprehension postoperatively. The more comorbidities an elderly person has, the less the postoperative speech comprehension develops with CI.” (Illg et al. 2022)
Influencing factors
Early rehabilitation
Influencing factors
Cause of hearing loss
“The impact of etiology and duration of deafness on speech perception outcomes in SSD patients | European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology” (Kurz et al.)
Influencing factors
Early fitting
Influencing factors
Natural sound quality of the CI
“In this paper, we describe very close matches to CI sound quality, i.e., similarity ratings of 9.5 to 10 on a 10-point scale, by ten patients fit with a 28 mm electrode array and MED EL signal processing.” (Dorman et al. 2024)